Computer Fundamentals

►Ikhompyutha ingumshini we-elekthronikhi owamukela idatha, igcine futhi icubungule imininingwane ibe yimininingwane. Ikhompyutha iyakwazi ukusebenza ngoba kunemiyalo enkumbulweni yayo eyiqondisayo.✦

►Izingxenye zekhompyutha ongazibona futhi uzithinte, njengekhibhodi, ukuqapha negundane kubizwa ngokuthi yihadiwe. Imiyalo eqondisa ikhompyutha ibizwa ngokuthi yi-software noma uhlelo lwekhompyutha.✦

►Idatha okungamaqiniso aluhlaza owangena kumsebenzisi kwikhompyutha ibizwa ngokuthi yi-input. Lokhu kufaka; amagama, izinombolo, umsindo nezithombe. Lapho idatha ifakwa kukhompyutha, ikhompyutha icubungula idatha ukukhiqiza imininingwane ekhiphayo. Isibonelo, ufaka u-2 + 2 kwikhompyutha njengedatha, ikhompyutha iyayicubungula bese umphumela kuba ngu-4 okuwulwazi.✦

UsuallyAmakhompyutha ngokuvamile ayizigaba ngezigaba ezintathu ezijwayelekile: ✴

S 1.Supercomputer - Ikhompyutha esheshayo, enkulu kunazo zonke, enamandla kakhulu futhi ebiza kakhulu.✫

Computer 2.I-Mainframe Computer - Lena incanyana futhi inamandla amancane kune-supercomputer, kepha, njengekhompyutha enkulu nayo iyabiza.

➻ 3.Personal Computer (PC) - Lena yikhompyutha esetshenziswa abantu abaningi ezimpilweni zabo zansuku zonke. Le khompyutha incane kakhulu, ayinamandla kangako futhi ibiza kancane kune-supercomputer nekhompyutha mainframe. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamakhompyutha akho. IMacintosh (Macs) kanye nePC ehambisanayo (PC). Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu yizinhlelo zokusebenza kanye neprosesa abayisebenzisayo. Lesi sigaba sekhompyutha sinezinhlobo ezimbili ezingeziwe zamakhompyutha. Lezi yikhompyutha ephathekayo nekhompyutha ephathwa ngesandla. Uhlobo oludume kakhulu lwekhompyutha ephathekayo yincwadi yokubhalela noma ikhompyutha ephathekayo, futhi ikhompyutha ephathwa ngesandla yi-PC encane kakhulu ongayibamba ngesandla sakho.✫

【Izihloko Ezihlanganisiwe Kulolu hlelo lokusebenza zibhalwe ngezansi】

History Umlando Omfushane Wekhompyutha
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Ukubuka konke
Izisekelo zeKhompyutha
Media Isitoreji Semidiya - Ukubuka konke
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Izicelo
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Izizukulwane
Gen Isizukulwane sokuqala
Gen Isizukulwane Sesibili
Gen Isizukulwane Sesithathu
Eration Isizukulwane sesine
Gen Isizukulwane sesihlanu
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Izinhlobo
⇢ PC (Ikhompyutha yomuntu siqu)
St Isikhungo sokusebenzela
⇢ Ikhompiyutha encane
F Mainframe
Omp Ikhompiyutha enkulu kakhulu
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Izingxenye
Unit Okokufaka
⇢ CPU (Iyunithi Yokucubungula Ephakathi)
Unit lokukhipha Unit
Ikhompyutha - i-CPU
⇢ Inkumbulo noma Isitoreji
Unit Isikhungo Sokulawula
⇢ ALU (I-Arithmetic Logic Unit)
⇢ Amakhompyutha - Amadivayisi wokufaka
Ikhibhodi
Ouse Igundane
⇢ Induku yokudlala
Pen Ipeni Elikhanyayo
Track Ibhola
⇢ Iskena
⇢ Digitizer
⇢ Umbhobho
Read Magnetic Ink Card Reader (MICR)
Reader Character Reader (OCR)
Code Bar Code Abafundi
Mark I-Optical Mark Reader (i-OMR)
⇢ Amakhompyutha - Amadivayisi wokukhipha
⇢ Abaqaphi
Monitor Ukuqapha kweCathode-Ray Tube (CRT)
Monitor Flat-Panel Khombisa Monitor
Amaphrinta
Amaphrinta we-Impact
⇢ Character Amaphrinta
Iphrinta ye-Dot Matrix
Whe Isondo likaDaisy
⇢ Line Amaphrinta
Iphrinta yeDrum
Iphrinta ye-Chain
Print Amaphrinta angenawo umthelela
Izici ⇢ Zephrinta Ezingewona Umthelela
⇢ Laser Amaphrinta
Amaphrinta we-Inkjet
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Imemori
Memory Inqolobane
Imemori Eyisisekelo (Imemori Eyinhloko)
Inkumbulo Yesibili
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Imemori Yokufinyelela Okungahleliwe
RAM I-RAM emile (i-SRAM)
RAM I-RAM Enamandla (IDRAM)
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Funda Imemori Kuphela
⇢ Ikhompyutha - I-Motherboard
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Amayunithi Wememori
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Izimbobo
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Hardware
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-Hardware ne-Software
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Isoftware
Software Isoftware Yesistimu
⇢ Isicelo Software
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Uhlelo Lwezinombolo
System Uhlelo lwenombolo yedesimali
System Uhlelo lwezinombolo kanambambili
System Uhlelo lwezinombolo ze-Octal
System Uhlelo lwezinombolo lwe-Hexadecimal
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Ukuguqulwa kwenombolo
Imal Idesimali kolunye uhlelo lwesisekelo
⇢ Olunye uhlelo lwesisekelo kuDesimal System
⇢ Olunye uhlelo lwe-Base ku-Non-Decimal System
⇢ Indlela yesinqamuleli - I-Binary to Octal
⇢ Indlela yesinqamuleli - i-Octal kuya ku-Binary
⇢ Indlela yesinqamuleli - I-Binary to Hexadecimal
Method Indlela enqamulelayo - Hexadecimal to Binary
⇢ Idatha nolwazi
⇢ Ukucubungula Idatha
⇢ Izingosi
System Uhlelo Lokusebenza
⇢ Inthanethi ne-Intranet
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Ungayithenga Kanjani?
⇢ Ikhompyutha - Izifundo Ezitholakalayo
Izifundo ze-Diploma
Care Ukunakekelwa Kwekhompyutha
⇢ Isistimu Yesistimu
⇢ Ama-Microcomputer
⇢ Imiyalo Yomjikelezo
⇢ Ukuxhuma Amayunithi Wekhompyutha
Izinhlobo ze-OS
nokuningi ...